善意取得若干法律问题研究

善意取得制度是为了保护交易安全和交易秩序的一项重要制度。公信力是赋予合理信赖物权表征方式的善意第三人以保护效力,善意取得为公信力发挥保护交易安全的机能提供环境。法律应当基于赋予占有和登记以公信力以及维护交易安全、交易秩序之基础上,在动产和不动产领域分别确立善意取得制度。     

论盗窃罪的不法领得意思——兼析盗窃罪与毁弃罪之法条关系

不法领得意思是盗窃罪主观方面的构成要素,其内容在于排除意思而非利用意思。当然,这里的"排除意思"是指永久性排除他人占有的意图,只有坚持如此理解,才能符合盗窃罪是侵犯所有权及其他本权的本质特征,更好地实现保护财产法益之目的。     

外资并购与民族经济协调发展的法律问题研究

在金融危机的影响下我国外资并购出现了新的特点,新特点的出现也显现出我国外资并购立法的不足。我国应完善外资并购立法,加强执法监督力度,对特殊行业外资并购及时出台法律进行规制,让外资并购更好地服务于我国经济建设,实现外资并购与我国民族经济的协调发展。     

中国船舶物权登记对抗主义的实际运行与匡正

对船舶物权变动,《中华人民共和国物权法》仍延续了《中华人民共和国海商法》登记对抗主义立法例,但在登记对抗主义的具体表述上,摒弃了《中华人民共和国海商法》等法律先要求＂应当登记＂,后规定＂未登记,不得第三人＂的做法,同时将第三人明确限定为善意第三人。这一本来更符合登记对抗主义真义的表述,却引发了海事海商实务部门较普遍的疑虑、困惑和担忧。这既暴露了长期以来学界在理解登记对抗主义上的纷争和分歧,也暴露了司法实践中一般理念和做法与登记对抗主义真义的偏离,同时还说明不仅在船舶物权变动,而且在其他采登记对抗主义的物权方面,均缺乏对登记对抗主义真义完整、准确的解读。采用实证分析方法,通过43个样本案例,描述、总结当前中国司法实践中船舶登记对抗主义的实际运行及特点,并在此基础上,通过对登记对抗主义的真义探寻,针对司法实践中涉及登记对抗的典型判断,就如何对其予以匡正提出意见和看法。     

取得占有与动产善意取得

善意取得的构成需要第三人取得动产的占有 ,而占有之取得不限于通过现实交付 ,在第三人依简易交付、指示交付取得占有的情况下 ,也可以构成善意取得。只是在简易交付的场合 ,第三人已取得之占有应可追溯到处分人处 ,并且期间未曾出现过所有人占有之情形 ;而在指示交付场合中 ,直接占有人对处分人控制力的认可 ,是最为关键的因素。但是 ,占有改定不可以构成善意取得 ,在处分人以占有改定方式完成交付的情况下 ,仅在第三人实际占有标的物时 ,方可构成善意取得。     

Large-scale land acquisitions,state authority and indigenous local communities: insights from Ethiopia

The convergence of diverse global factors – food price volatility, the increased demand for biofuels and feeds, climate change and the financialisation of commodity markets – has resulted in renewed interest in land resources, leading to a rapid expansion in the scope and scale of (trans)national acquisition of arable land across many developing countries. Much of this land is on peripheral indigenous peoples’ territories and considered a common property resource. Those most threatened are poor rural people with customary tenure systems – including indigenous ethnic minority groups, pastoralists and peasants – who need land most. In Ethiopia large areas have been leased to foreign and domestic capital for large-scale production of food and agrofuels, mainly in lowland regions where the state has historically had limited control. Much of the land offered is classified by the state and other elites as ‘unused’ or ‘underutilised’, overlooking the spatially extensive use of land in shifting cultivation and pastoralism. This threatens the land rights and livelihoods of ethnic minority indigenous communities in these lowlands. This article argues that recent large-scale land acquisitions are part of state strategy for enforcing political authority over territory and people. It examines the implications of such strategy for indigenous ethnic minority groups, focusing particularly on the Benishangul-Gumuz region.     

试论我国物权变动的安全制度体系之构建

我国物权变动的安全制度体系应当包括 :承认物权行为理论并予以制度规则体现 ,以满足民法理论完善、缜密以及物权变动安全追求的需要 ;确立公示公信原则 ,以适应市场经济对财产归属与流转安全的要求 ;取消传统的善意取得制度规范并将其精神归缩到公示公信原则之中 ,进而使公示公信原则成为客观统一的物权变动识别制度。这一物权变动的安全制度体系之构建 ,是法律制度本身和谐互补的要求 ,也是市场经济安全、有效运转对法律制度的要求。     

词价值获得原理探微

一般而言,词价值获得的主要途径大概有三条:一是语言学意义上的途径,即词价值由个体语言系统中的复杂联带关系所确定;二是经济学意义上的途径,即词价值首先是由劳动创造的,然后才由人对词的需求所决定;三是哲学意义上的途径,即在人与词的相互作用过程中,作为客体的词对于作为主体的人而言,不仅具有某种明确的意义或语义,而且词能满足人的某种欲望,因而词具有某种效用或有用性。所以词具备价值。     

Arms Acquisition Patterns and the Dynamics of Armed Conflict: Lessons from the Niger Delta

Arms acquisition is a crucial venture for armed insurgency groups for carrying out their militant activities. I argue that the specific manner in which these groups obtain weapons may have important consequences for the dynamics of violent intrastate conflict. While most previous studies of the relationship between arms acquisition and armed conflict have focused solely on the impact of arms availability, in this article I analyze the impact of two specific aspects of arms acquisition patterns—the methods and the degree of leadership control—on the dynamics and nature of armed conflict in a qualitative case study of the armed conflict in the Niger Delta (Nigeria) between 1995 and 2005. I conclude that the specific arms acquisition method and the degree of leadership control over this process have strongly affected the dynamics of the conflict.     

论盗赃物、遗失物的善意取得

善意取得制度是物权法的一项非常重要的制度,各国民法均作了规定。但对于盗赃物、遗失物能否适用善意取得,各国立法不同。为了维护交易安全,稳定交易秩序,稳定现有的经济关系,促进市场经济的发展,盗赃物、遗失物也应该适用善意取得制度,这不仅符合民法的公平原则,也符合社会的公平价值观念,是市场经济内在规律的客观要求。